Ivyiyumviro nyamukuru vy'ugutunganya ivy'ingaburo mu kiringo c'amata .
Amategeko y’imirire mu kiringo c’umwuma (akenshi imisi 60 imbere y’uko umuntu akura) ni ikintu gihambaye cane ku buzima bw’inka, ugutera imbere kw’inyana, n’ugukora kw’amata mu kiringo gikurikira. Ibi bikurikira ni vyo bihambaye mu bijanye n’ugutunganya ivy’ingaburo mu kiringo c’ukwuma:
1. Intumbero z'amategeko mu kiringo c'izuba
Gusubizaho ubuzima bw’umubiri: kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku rugero rwiza rw’umubiri (BCS 3.0-3.5, uburyo bw’intonde 5) bw’inka z’amata, no kwirinda kuba ibinure cane canke bike cane.
Iterambere ry’uruyoya: kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku vyo inyana zikeneye mu bijanye n’ingaburo zikura cane mu gihe umuntu atwite.
Gusanura igihimba c’irondoka: kugira ngo umuntu aronke uturyo two gutuma imitsi y’amabere yo gusanura no kuyisubiramwo.
Gutegura ivy’umubiri: kugira ngo umuntu abuze indwara ziterwa n’ibihimba vy’umubiri (nk’uko ketosis, igitigu c’ibinure, hypocalcémie, n’ibindi).
2. Ibimenyetso vy'ingaburo nyamukuru
Inguvu
Intambwe ya mbere (kugeza ku musi wa 40 y’amata yumye): gabanya inguvu, cane cane ku bijanye no kwitaho (NEL 1.25-1.35 Mcal/kg DM), wirinde umuvyibuho ukabije.
Intambwe ya nyuma (imisi 21 imbere y’uko umuntu avyara, ni ukuvuga igihe c’ivuka): kwongera inguvu zibereye (NEL 1.55-1.65 Mcal/kg DM), buhorobuhoro guhindura ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukora ibintu, ariko wirinde asidoze iterwa n’ivyo kurya vyinshi.
01
Inkingi
Inyama y’ingurube (CP): 12-13% mu ntango, 14-15% mu gihe c’iherezo (bikaba zigatera imbere).
Rumen ifata mu mubiri (RUP): 35-40% vya CP, ishigikira ukukura kw’umwana n’ivyo abavyeyi bakeneye.
02
Amamine n'amavitamine
Calcium: gabanya calcium (<0.5% DM) to prevent postpartum hypocalcemia; anionic salts can be used in the perinatal period (DCAD negative balance).
Ifoto: 0,25-0,35% DM.
Vitamine D/E/ -barotine: Ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri n’uguhindura calcium (nk’uko vitamine E 1000-1500 IU/umusi).
Selenium: 0.3 ppm, ugabanye ingorane zo kuguma mu mara.
03
Fiber n'ibifungurwa birimwo ibinure
Insinga y’amazi (NDF): kuruta canke ingana n’ibice 35%, kugira ngo amarume abone amagara.
Nta - Ivyimburwa vy'ibinyabuzima (NFC):<35% in the early stage, can be increased to 40% in the later stage (but starch content needs to be monitored).
04
3. Impanuro z'imiterere
Ubushake
High- ivyatsi vy’agaciro (nk’ivyatsi vy’ivyatsi vy’ivyatsi n’ivyatsi vy’ivyatsi) ni vyo 50-60% vy’ibintu vyumye mu vyo kurya, bitanga fibre nziza.
Ivyiza vy'inyongera
Gucungera urugero rw’intete (ibigori, sayiri, n’ibindi), kandi buhoro buhoro birayigwiza mu kiringo c’imbere (ariko umukate nturenga 25%).
Ivyongera
Umunyu w’anionic (nk’ubuhinga bwa chloride, magnésium sulfate) uhindura DCAD ku -100 gushika -150 mEq/kg DM.
Umuco w’umusemburo (utera imbere igikorwa c’urusenga).
Choline (gukingira igitigu no gukingira igitigu c’ibinure).
4. Ukwiyubara
Gucungera ubuzima
Guhindura umubiri mu ntango y’amata yumutse, kugabanya inguvu ku nka z’ibinure birenze urugero, hanyuma wongeremwo poroteyine y’agaciro kanini.
01
Igihe co guhindura (igihe c'imbere)
Buhoro buhoro, n’ukwongerekana kw’imisi 21 imbere y’uko ushika (kwongerekana 0.2-0.3kg ku musi) kugira ngo itere imbere mu guhindura ibiyayuramutwe.
02
Ibimenyetso vy'imibiri
Igerageza ubudasiba rya calcium na - hydroxybutricrique (BHB) kugira ngo ntihagire ketosis na hypocalcémie.
03
Kunywa amazi n'isuku
n’ugire amazi meza yo kunywa no kwirinda ivyo kurya vy’ibikoko.
04
V. Ingorane rusangi n'Ivyiyumviro
Inyuma y’ivuka ry’inyuma y’ivuka: calcium nke mu vyo ufungura + umunyu w’anions kugira ngo uvyurire umutima wo gusohoka kw’imitsi y’umubiri.
Igitigu c’ibinure: Gucungera inguvu zirenze urugero n’ivyuma vy’inyongera (15-20g/umusi).
Igipande gisigaye: Kumenya neza selenium, vitamine E na -barocatene.
Inyuma y'ivuka
Ivyo kurya bike mu vyo ufungura + umunyu w’anions kugira ngo uvyurire umutima wo gusohoka kw’imitsi y’umubiri.
Igitigu c'umusonga
Gucungera inguvu zirengeye n’ivyo kurya vy’inyongera (15-20g/umusi).
Ubwiza buramba
Kumenya neza selenium ihagije, vitamine E na -barotene.
Inyigisho n'ikoreshwa ryaCJ igihe c'imvuraibifungurwa vy'imbere y'igihe C655:
Ikoreshwa: Uvange neza n'ibindi birungo vy'ibifungurwa mu bipimo bikurikira imbere y'uko ukoreshwa
|
Kugaburira |
Ibigori% |
Imfungurwa za soya% |
DDGS% |
Idra% |
CJimbere y'igihe% |
|
inka yumye |
35 |
21 |
20 |
19 |
5 |
Iciyumviro: Ni vyiza ko igitigiri c’imbere y’igihe c’ibice 1,5% vy’ibice vyose vy’imbere (ivy’umye 88%). Ni vyiza ko igipimo c’inyongera c’inyungu ku 30% vy’urugero rwose ruvanze (ibintu vyumye 88%).
